Essay about Features of Post Modern Fictions - 2385 Words

Some of the dominant features of postmodern fictions include temporal disorder, the erosion of the sense of time, a foregrounding of words as fragmenting material signs, a pervasive and pointless use of pastiche, loose association of ideas, paranoia and the creation of vicious circles or a loss of destination between separate levels of discourse, which are all symptoms of the language disorders of postmodernist fictions. The postmodern novel may be summed up as: †¢ Late modernism. †¢ Anti-modernism. †¢ Not avant-garde tendency (may be avant-garde within a literary period). †¢ Emphasizes plot than character. †¢ Characters are fragmented/multiple. †¢ Experimental. †¢ Misogynist. †¢ Denigration of female writers. †¢ Matter of packaging. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Choudhary states: The major feature of this kind of fiction lies in the subversion of the assumptions and generic traits and function of fiction, including modernist novel. Generically postmodernist fiction is self-questioning in nature, skeptical about its possibilities, rules and principles. Its function is disillusionary; it dives into the underside of fiction and explodes its fallacies†¦Postmodernist text directs itself to the suspension of meaning by using disruptive narrative, polyphony, multiple ending and the like thereby frustrating intelligibility. It is devoid of teleology and causality (12). Some critics are of the view that postmodern fictions do not convey any moral values and imparts untrue elements. â€Å"In a postmodern word, literature is just another text. You can forget all that stuff about truth and value—and other alienating lies perpetual by a deliberately selective version of history controlled by crazy power freaks and their lackey dupes. ‘Truth’ is o nly what circulates as such: hence the importance of technology and the media to an understanding of ‘our’ world today. ‘Values’ are only effects of cultural traditions; hence the importance of becoming cynical today, in order not to be suppressed under the suffocating of ‘culture’ and ‘tradition’† (Lucy viii). A.S.D. Pillai states that: The contemporary cultural situation, the postmodern text reveals in its construction a world of valueless vaudeville. But, as has been repeatedly pointed out, blackShow MoreRelatedEssay about Postmodernism in Pulp Fiction1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe film Pulp Fiction was an immediate box office success when it was released in 1994 and it was also well received by the critics, and celebrated for the way it appeared to capture exactly a certain pre-millennial angst and dislocation in Western capitalist societies. The term post-modernist, often used to refer to art and architecture, was applied to this film. The pulp fiction refers to popular novels which are bought in large numbers by less well educated people and enjoyed for their entertainmentRead MorePulp Fiction - a Sociological Debate1412 Words   |  6 Pagessolutions associated with some of the research approaches fore-mentioned. Analysing the main dimensions will be covered by discussing the appropriate concepts separately a nd by individually contrasting the classical and modern theories with Quentin Tarantino’s 1994 film ‘Pulp Fiction,’ known for its rich, diverse dialogue, ironic combination of humour and violence, a nonlinear storyline told in several differing orders, and a mass amount of cinematic hints and popular culture references. A classicalRead MoreA New Age Of Post Modernity Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesmain features of the shift from modernity to postmodernity Post modernity or post modernism as coined during the counter culture era of the 1960s and 70s has been highly contestant, ever since it was first used describe the death of modern architecture and art during the same period. It is this debate of being in a state of modernity or post modernity that will lead me to describe the shifts in cultural, economic and political views and values that demonstrates a shift in values from modern to postRead MoreAspects of Postmodernism in Happy Endings and Videotape1523 Words   |  7 Pagesthe literal meaning of the word in a regular dictionary, we may encounter something like a style and movement in art [Â…] in the late 20th century that reacts against modern styles, for example by mixing features form traditional and modern styles . In fact, it has extended many of the fundamental techniques and assumptions of modern literature. A lot of aspects and characteristics of this relatively new current are well exposed in short stories such as Ha ppy Endings by Margaret Atwood (Atwood)Read More History and Theory Essays1023 Words   |  5 Pagesexpress the realistic American mentality and create an autonomous style of literature. 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In particular, The Hours features three women who each have same-sex experiencesRead MoreThe Heat Of Summer863 Words   |  4 Pagesreviews, suggested reading, in depth pieces on art, culture, and literature, and so much more. For writers, lithub is a great resource for long editorial pieces that demonstrate quality writing and craftsmanship. Their Features vertical covers literary trends and how modern readers interact with classic and contemporary authors. The site is peppered with witty dialogue to engage readers and discuss the topics that encompass art, books, and culture. 2. TheReviewReview.net A fantastic resourceRead MoreEssay about Fiction Fused With Reality1016 Words   |  5 PagesYann Martel’s magic realism novel Life of Pi (2006) and Guillermo Del Toro’s dark fantasy film Pan’s Labyrinth (2002) fuses fiction with reality as they explore shared concerns such as faith, survival and the importance of narration. These bildungsroman tales feature teenage protagonists who undergo profound transformations as they strive to overcome confronting challenges. Yann Martel is able to blend real elements with the surreal through the use of storytelling. â€Å"Without Richard Parker, I wouldntRead MoreAnalysis Of Tipping The Velvet By Sarah Waters1475 Words   |  6 Pagesphenomena with often-transgressed representations. Specifically looking at this representation in Tipping the Velvet by Sarah Waters a Neo-Victorian fiction novel, Analysing how the performance and act of a male impersonation is created represented and how the act is received. Neo –Victorian literature is most commonly seen as contemporary fiction or culture, which is usually set between 1837 and 1901- during the Victorian era, or it is highly influenced by this period. In the years that followedRead MoreChild Soldiers : A Child Soldier752 Words   |  4 Pagesfeel that any way that child soldiers can be stopped should be done. This paragraph will explain and define the causes. The reasons for this modern challenge include getting forced into it, getting convinced to join, joining because of something happening, wanting revenge for it, duty to the family, patriotism, honor and economic difficulties (The London Post 1). Getting forced to join meaning that the Taliban (or other military organization) comes to your household and take you from your family.

An Overview On Definitions And Make Ups Of The Basic...

Smith held that the wealth of nation depends upon (1) the productivity of labour and (2) the proportion of labourers who are usefully or productively employed. Due to this assumption he believed that the economy will achieve full employment of its resources to produce goods and services of the nation. Smith decides to focus on a broad description of how a market primarily self-regulates through the different forces. One of those forces being the division of labour, which is indicative to the wealth of nations. In this essay, I will discuss an overview on Smiths definitions and make ups of the basic structure of a modern market society and how it applies to the Wealth of Nation. Smith begins by explaining that the greatest improvements in the productive power of labour lie in the division of labour. What is the division of labour? The division of labour is the dividing up of a large task into smaller task, where individuals focus their labour power on the smaller tasks. Division of la bour is indicative of the wealth of nations; therefore, the more the division the richer the nation. Smith states that there are three advantages to the division. The first advantage is that it increases the dexterity of the worker. The second is that it saves time by not switching from task to task. Finally, the third is it creates labour saving machines/ideas that is specialized for a particular task. Therefore, increasing the division of the labour involved in the production of a particularShow MoreRelatedApplication of Ict in Civil Engineering15318 Words   |  62 PagesCHAPTER TWO 6.0 Research finding 6.1 Definition of terms 6.2 Information Technology in Civil Engineering 6.3 How AutoCAD has helped Civil engineering design 6.4 ICT and construction companies CHAPTER THREE 7.0 Recommendation 8.0 Conclusion 9.0 Summary 1.0 ABSTRACT The use of modern information and communication technology is considered to be an integral part of modern civil engineering. It is becoming essential for theRead MoreDefination of Globalisation12291 Words   |  50 PagesProgram on the Geopolitical Implications of Globalization and Transnational Security Definitions of Globalization: A Comprehensive Overview and a Proposed Definition Dr. Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan Senior Scholar in Geostrategy and Director of the Program on the Geopolitical Implications of Globalization and Transnational Security Geneva Centre for Security Policy Ambassador Gà ©rard Stoudmann Director Geneva Centre for Security Policy June 19, 2006 To comment, please email Ms. Bethany Webster at b.webster@gcspRead MorePran Rfl Company2438 Words   |  10 Pagescompanies is one of the leading business institutes of Bangladesh .We have prepared report based on Practices of SHRM of Pran Food Beverage . To prepare this report we have followed informal questionnaire. In the report we discuss about Company overview, literature review, Business strategy of the PRAN Food and Beverage, relationship between business strategy and HR practices of the organization, influence of business strategy various HR practices .PRAN encourage their employee to take part in opportunitiesRead MoreSmall Scale Industry10786 Words   |  44 PagesSMALL SCALE INDUSTRY INTRODUCTION The definition for small-scale industrial undertakings has changed over time. Initially they were classified into two categories- those using power with less than 50 employees and those not using power with the employee strength being more than 50 but less than 100. However the capital resources invested on plant and machinery buildings have been the primary criteria to differentiate the small-scale industries from the large and medium scale industries. AnRead MoreIs Knowledge Management a Fad?3610 Words   |  15 Pagesprovided in his work â€Å"The nonsense of knowledge management †. Is knowledge management a fad? 1 The need of KM in information society With the instantaneous global information sharing is arising the need of knowledge management. This is based on the evolution and transformation of society. Every year the amount of the whole human knowledge is doubled. The role of information in current organization has transferred from peripheral and incidental to centralRead MoreEtihad Airways3882 Words   |  16 Pagesdraws information, justification, and conclusions from the company documents and academic resources. The report is 3000 words, and should be considered by the reader to be a broad overview of the company. The analysis conducted considered organisation background, and how that impacted organisational culture, and structure. In addition to this, the report outlined strategic management and how Etihad Airways stands out in the aviation industry. The report found that Etihad Airways has an Islamic backgroundRead MoreMix of Debt and Equity6786 Words   |  28 PagesI. ABSTRACT 1 II. INTRODUCTION 2 III. BACKGROUND 4 1. Definition of debt and equity 4 a) Definition of Debt 4 b) Definition of equity 5 2. Example of mix structure capital 5 IV. TECHNICAL SECTION 11 1. Debt Financing – Pros Cons 11 a) Definition and Classifications of Debt Financing 11 b) Advantages of Debt Financing 14 c) Disadvantages of Debt Financing 15 2. Equity Financing – Pros Cons 16 a) Definition Classifications of Equity Financing 16 b) AdvantagesRead MoreConcept of Modern Marketing6559 Words   |  27 Pages1 The Concept of Modern Marketing Learning Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: focus †¢ Define marketing. †¢ Specify the three basic propositions of the marketing concept. †¢ Name and describe the four components of the marketing mix. †¢ List the five major environmental forces that affect marketing. An exciting, dynamic discipline, marketing affects our daily lives in many ways. We are all consumers, and many people are part of the marketing process—as salespeople, advertisingRead MoreCoca-Cola Advertising5097 Words   |  21 PagesCoca-Cola Advertising Campaigns (1886 -2007) | 4 INTRODUCTION 5 CONTENTS Chapter I: The Basic Concepts of Advertising 7 1. Brief History of Advertising 7 1.1. Preliminary forms 8 1.2. Result of urban growth 8 1.3. Advertising in Modern World. 8 2. Variety of Definitions 9 2.1. What is Advertising? 9 2.2. Basic Definitions 10 2.3. Types of Advertising 10 2.4. Principal Objectives 15 2.5. Definition and Examples of Advertising Campaigns 18 Chapter II: The Development of Coca-Cola AdvertisingRead MoreCulture of Malaysia3713 Words   |  15 Pagesof these cultures has vigorously maintained its traditions and community structures, they have also blended together to create contemporary Malaysias uniquely diverse heritage. The  Malays, who account for over half the Malaysian population, play a dominant role politically and are included in a grouping identified as Bumiputra. Their native language,  Bahasa Malaysia, is the national language of the country.   By definition of the  Malaysian constitution, all Malays are Muslims. The  Chinese  have

The War On Drugs The World s Largest Farming Area

Throughout the world, countries focus their drug policies in order to fight the â€Å"War on Drugs.† While most countries are fighting a war on drugs, Portugal has managed to break away and completely shock the world by taking an action that had the potential to make or break the country. Back in 2001, Portugal’s government made the decision to continue its war on drugs through a new approach. On the other hand, Iran faces a real drug problem because it is located next to Afghanistan, the world’s largest farming area. While a serious set of anti drug policies is arguably a necessity, Iran has used what some might consider cruel means to control the drug use in Iran. Not only this, but the authority in Iran is also known to be hypocritical in a way that they have a strict policy in regards to drugs, but they are known to be active in trafficking and distribution of many narcotics that have gotten so many of their people executed. With all of the drug use that has been happening in Iran, shared needles have also led to a severe increase in HIV/AIDS throughout the country. These diseases are even more prevalent in Iranian prisons. With the number of drug uses in Iran growing incessantly, it seems that their policies have been ineffective towards providing any significant changes in the Afghani drug trade that works throughout the region. Although the drug problem that exists or existed in these countries is very similar, the policies that Portugal and Iran have imposed on theirShow MoreRelatedHow developed is Brazil?939 Words   |  4 Pagesthe USA, the EEC, Japan and the World Bank. It is claimed that Brazil is the 10th largest economy in the world. However in some urban areas 50% of people live below the Poverty Line. Recent changes (1970 - 1998): - More people employed in manufacturing industry. - Fewer people employed in farming but between 1982 - 1990 agircultural output increased by 38%. - Over 50% of population employed in Services. - Increase in land used for farming - large estate plantations and Read MoreWhat Does The Globalization Of Drug Trade Benefit Countries? The Golden Triangle And South America?1759 Words   |  8 PagesTo what extent does the globalization of drug trade benefit countries in the golden triangle and South America? The two sources I choose to evaluate was a letter to the president of Peru and a 335 page book about drug trafficking around the world. Both of these sources provide valuable information to my research question. The letter to the president of Peru was from H.E. Jose Antonio Garcia Belaunde who is the minister of foreign affairs in Peru. This letter was created at the General DebateRead MoreTaking a Look at Bolivia1826 Words   |  7 PagesAndean region, that’s surrounded by mountain ranges and has the highest altitude in Bolivia, the sub Andean region, that’s distinguished by its farming activities, and the llanos region, that’s surrounded by rainforest and is very bio diverse. Although Bolivia has seen many great advances over the last few years, poverty, political instability, and drug trafficking continue to be issues that the country faces. In the next couple of paragraphs I’m going to talk about poverty in Bolivia, and how itRead MoreThe Griffin s Food Company Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesCompany and they are Griffin’s, Nice Natural, Eta and Huntley Palmers (The Griffin s Food Company, n.d.). As marketing personnel of the Griffin’s Food C ompany we have decided to introduce one of its brands, Griffin’s in the US and Fiji. USA USA, country in North America consists of 48 contagious and 2 non contagious states with a total area of 9,629,047 sq km. New York City and Washington D C is the largest city and capital of USA respectively. The country is increasingly prosperous in naturalRead MoreTobacco Is A Common Pleasure Among Millions Of Americans1515 Words   |  7 Pagesknown to be one of the most important cash crops in American farming (J. Young, 2000). Tobacco is a plant that grows naturally around North and South America (V. Randall, 1999). Tobacco has a long history around the world. Thousands of years ago during cultural and religious events, people would smoke or chew tobacco as a ritual. Tobacco chewing was the first way tobacco was utilized. It became known to the rest of the world in the 1400’s when Christopher Columbus ran into some American Indians thatRead MoreAfghanistan and Economic Dependency1835 Words   |  8 Pagesalready fragile state. Worldwide drug use has led to a steady demand for Afghanistan’s opium and heroin production. The benefits for those involved including workers and farmers who produce the opium to the warlords, commanders, and international traffickers who control its movement, is great. Years after the fall of the Taliban government, some argue that the rebellion is no longer about religion or ideology, but about money and wealth. With almost all of the worlds opium production in Afg hanistanRead MoreWar Over What We Eat1576 Words   |  7 PagesRyan Lee Professor Eugene Francis III English 1102 16 November 2014 War over What We Eat Introduction/Thesis Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are an organism whose genome has been engineered in the laboratory in order to favor the expression of desired physiological traits or the production of desired biological products according to the Encyclopedia Britannica. In grocery stores in the United States, as much as 70 percent of the processed food may contain genetically modified organisms. TheRead MoreThe Country Of Afghanist Afghanistan2035 Words   |  9 PagesGeopolitics: Afghanistan Background information. [Accessed 13 May 2016]. The country of Afghanistan is in Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran. It is a small nation, and it is slightly smaller than Texas (area 652,230 sq km). It is bordered by Pakistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Iran. The land is very mountainous and the terrain is very rugged. The country is divided by the Hindu Kush mountain range. The region of conflict. When the PashtunRead More Deforestation: Conservation and Sociological Effects Essay2965 Words   |  12 Pagesdiscovered that animals could be driven with fire. This led to accelerated forest loss due to uncontrolled burning for hunting use (Miller Tangley 1991: 28). Agriculture was the next problem discovery. Agriculture introduced land clearing of forested areas for crops. Suddenly forests were being destroyed at a faster rate. The 18th and 19th centuries brought about the Industrial Revolution, and soon people were moving from the rural country to the more urbanized cities for job reasons. Forests were clearedRead MoreIndia Achievement in Agriculture2552 Words   |  11 PagesBy 3500 BC cotton growing and cotton textiles were quite advanced in the valley. By 3000 BC farming of rice had started. Other monsoon crops of importance of the time was cane sugar. By 2500 BC, rice was an important component of the staple diet in Mohenjodaro near the Arabian Sea. The Indus Plain had rich alluvial deposits which came down the Indus River in annual floods. This helped sustain farming that formed basis of the Indus Valley Civilization at Harappa. The people built dams and drainage

Batteries and Their Importance Essay - 1061 Words

Batteries and Their Importance We use batteries everyday, we use them to start our cars and to listen to our Walkmans. I have a few questions: How do batteries work? What are the different kinds of batteries Batteries and Their Importance We use batteries everyday, we use them to start our cars and to listen to our Walkmans. I have a few questions: How do batteries work? What are the different kinds of batteries? Why do they die? Why do they lose energy when they are not used for a long time? Well I tried my best to find the best answers for these questions and a little more. Battery, also called an electric cell, is a device that converts chemical energy into electricity. All batteries contain an electrolyte, a†¦show more content†¦Another type of primary cell is the mercury cell. This cell uses zinc as the negative electrode, mercury as the positive electrode, and potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. This cell gives about 1.3 volts of electricity, and is used in hearing aids and watches because the battery can be flattened. Primary cells maintain a positive charge on the positive terminal and a negative charge on the negative terminal, month after month. These charges attract another and sometimes manage to get to each other through the battery it self. When this happens the battery loses some energy. This is why batteries lose energy if not used. It is possible to slow this process down by refrigerating batteries. Dry Cell Battery The storage, or secondary cell, which can be recharged by reversing the chemical reaction, was invented in 1859 by the French physicist Gaston Plante. This invention was very crucial because it would revolutionize cars. Instead of crank starts the lead-acid battery was used. The lead-acid, which Plante invented is still the same basic design today. The battery consists of six cells connected in a series, and is used in automobiles. Its chief advantage is that it can deliver a strong current of electricity (starting an engine), however it runs down quickly. Each cell is made up of a number of positive and negative plates, separated by thin layers of wood, hard rubber, or plastic, called separators. All the positive plates are connectedShow MoreRelatedUsing Glucose Fuel Battery Of Artificial Pacemakers With Longer Battery Life1342 Words   |  6 PagesUsing glucose fuel battery in artificial pacemakers with longer battery life Abstract Battery life is an important performance of artificial pacemakers. Longer even infinity battery life provides much more conveniences and avoid unnecessary risks for pacemaker users. Glucose fuel battery, a new recent research, may possibly replace current lithium battery in pacemakers. This article provides a comprehensive review of the state of the art of glucose fuel battery in artificial pacemakers and itsRead MoreTesla Is An Automobile Car Company Of The 21st Century Essay1153 Words   |  5 PagesTesla is an auto car company of the 21st century founded by Elon Musk, Martin Eberhard, JB Straubel and Ian Wright. The company also manufactures power walls and battery charging equipment. Tesla is well known for the production of its first sports car Tesla Roadster coupled with two other cars Tesla Model S and the current Tesla Model X. Elon Musk is the face of the company and has driven the company through odds building confidence among its shareholders and customers (Marcovici, 20 13, p 45). TheRead MoreReverse Logistics1277 Words   |  6 Pagesproduct in a timely manner is often not of major importance to the end users and retailers. 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Pe Reflection Free Essays

This semester has been great for me in terms of personal fitness. I have had the good fortune of having gym class and a foods class in the same semester. In combination I can stay fit and make healthy food choices which are key to being healthy. We will write a custom essay sample on Pe Reflection or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am sure when I recap on my semester in PPL20 I will remember things I have learned, memorable moments, things that have really affected me as a person, some things that I did not enjoy and things I will remember in 5 years. There are a few things I have learned this semester in this class. I feel like the most things I have learned came from health class as we did not have a proper class to do units too in depth. I learned a lot about different drugs and their different names, short term effects, long term effects and legal status. We also learned about steroids and the different kinds of steroids. We also learned about a lot of different side effects and different dangers of steroids. I also learned about how to achieve success without steroids. I also learned how to play badminton a lot better by placing the birdy away from the opponent on every hit and not hitting it in the middle. In the weight room I was able to apply what I learned from last year and from outside of school to be efficient in the weight room and finish lots of sets in a period of time. I felt pretty comfortable in most units that we studied. I think the biggest challenge for me was to play badminton because I am not really good at that sport. But I did feel like I really did improve a lot with the technique and where to place the birdie. I really enjoyed playing ringette and hockey because I do not play them often but I feel I should. I felt most comfortable in indoor sports that we did in class such as basketball, indoor soccer, and volleyball. I think I did well in those units because those were the sports I was most familiar with so it was easy to adjust to. I wish we could have gone more in depth in the rugby unit because I really do want to improve in the sport. I did have some difficulty in games of low organization because they would be usually sports or activities I have never played or heard of before so it would make it harder to adjust to the play style of the game. There were a few memorable moments throughout this semester in gym class. One memorable moment is when we had a lot of international students in our gym class and one of the Iraqi students got angry at Walter and said â€Å"You no good. † which is funny because didn’t know English well at the time. Other than that I do not think there were any other memorable moments during this semester in gym class. I think I have learned some things in this class that have affected me as a person. Most importantly something that really affected me as a person is that it is not how much you lift, it’s how you lift it is an important one since it will help me plenty when I am working out. Another important thing that has affected me is learning about what to do when working out. What I mean by that is to start with the bigger muscles and multi-joints first. It is going to save me lots of time on wasted workouts that do not work my body to their full potential. Another thing that has affected me as a person is understanding the true definition of character. Character is what people do when no one is watching, means that you shouldn’t act like one person when people around and then act like a completely different person when no one is watching. There were something’s that I did not enjoy while participating in this class. One thing for sure was basketball. I did not enjoy it because there was a large skill gap in out class so the good players were pretty much the only players that could touch the ball. I did not enjoy many of the games of low organization as I would much prefer to play sports I am familiar with but sometimes some of the games were fun. Sometimes I didn’t like badminton because it felt like we were playing it a lot during that month. There are a few things that I think that I will remember in 5 years. It all comes from the health unit we did at the end. I will definitely remember all the dangers of drugs. What I learned will help me make better decisions in the future. What we learned about steroids will also stick with me for a while. The dangers of steroids outweigh the benefits by a lot and it is not worth taking when you can be a natural athlete. In conclusion this semester has been great as I stated in my introduction. It has helped me become a better person and a better athlete. I will be able to use what I have learned this semester in class to assist me in next year’s gym class if I decide to take it and even to apply what I have learned to use from day to day. How to cite Pe Reflection, Essay examples

Case Study Of High Strength Concrete Construction Essay Example For Students

Case Study Of High Strength Concrete Construction Essay In the text below I have tried my best and set in all of my attempts to make a papers that might assist other pupils even without any anterior cognition of the topic to understand the really of import capable concrete with thorough apprehension of the concrete. The text gives the basic cognition of the lesser of import constructs and has been written to depth for of import and practical constructs. I have tried to make a papers that shall be used to give talks and cover the spread between a professor with in deepness cognition of the topic and a pupil who has merely been introduced to the topic. I am besides grateful to my professors and friends for their support in finishing this work. I hope the papers acts as a manner of information instead than being a saber saw mystifier and carry through all the demands for the formal entry. Introduction: Civil technology is the oldest and the most basic watercourse of technology. When we think of civil technology the first thing that comes to mind is cement and building, when we come down to the more utilizations of civil technology we think of concrete. Concrete is non such a simple thing as it may look down to a non building related individual, it is due to the fact that it has so many practical utilizations, more than any building stuff that it has a specialisation of its ain. So the survey of concrete is really helpful or may be considered the most necessary surveies for a civil applied scientist. Nowadays the survey of concrete is considered as the anchor of the building industry. This topic has its ain specialisations available for survey is such a huge topic that for a building industry or company the success is decided by its concrete applied scientists. The modern industry of the todayaa‚Â ¬a„?s universe relies wholly on the building of concrete c onstructions. Concrete has experienced this great assortment of usage due to its fantastic belongingss that wholly distinguish it from any of the remainder of building stuffs. The history of building hints back to the times of Assyrians and Babylonians who foremost made the usage of clay as a cementing stuff. The ancient garrisons and military edifices, the defence constructions have witnessed a broad usage of the concrete made of sums and calcium hydroxide as a binder. Construction of the pyramids in Egypt has besides proved the usage of calcium hydroxide and gypsum as a binder in the concrete works. The outstanding scientists of the concrete survey are Vitruvius who is believed to hold the cognition of chemical science of the cementitious calcium hydroxide. One of the singular antediluvian plants is the pantheon, which consists of a dome spanning 43.43m and is made wholly of concrete. The Romans besides used suited cements made of suited limestone burned in kiln or were mixtures o f calcium hydroxide and puzzolanic stuffs ( volcanic, ash, tufa ) uniting into a difficult concrete. Vitruviusaa‚Â ¬a„?s work was followed by the researches made by M. Vicat of France. Joseph Aspedin of Yorkshire ( U.K. ) was the first to present Portland cement in 1824 formed by heating a mixture of limestone and finely divided clay in a furnace to a temperature high plenty to drive off the carbonaceous acid gas. In 1845, Issac C. Johnson invented the cement by increasing the temperature at which the mixture of limestone and clay were burned to organize cinder. This cement was the paradigm of the modern Portland cement. From so onwards, a gradual betterment in the belongingss and qualities of cement has been made possible by research workers in U.S.A. , U.K. , France and Germany. What precisely is concrete: Concrete is a composite semisynthetic stuff most widely used edifice stuff in the building industry. It consists of a rationally chosen mixture of adhering stuff such as calcium hydroxide or cement, good graded mulct and coarse sums, H2O and alloies ( to bring forth concrete with particular belongingss ) . In a concrete mix, cement and H2O form a paste or matrix which in add-on to make fulling the nothingnesss of the all right sum, coats the surface of all right and harsh sums and binds them together. The matrix is normally 22-34 % of the entire volume. Freshly assorted concrete before set is known as moisture or green concrete whereas after puting and indurating it is known as set or hardened concrete. The moulded concrete mix after sufficient bring arounding becomes hard like rock due to chemical action between the H2O and adhering stuff. It would be impossible to discourse all the facets of this stuff in few pages and the treatment is confined to the g eneral features and quality trials necessary for its usage by civil applied scientists and designers. Most of the ancient constructions and historical edifices had been constructed with lime concrete. With the coming of cement, the usage of lime concrete has been confined to doing bases for concrete foundations and roof terracing. The major factors responsible for broad use of cement-concrete are mouldability, early hardening, high early compressive strength, development of coveted belongingss with alloies to be used in inauspicious state of affairss, suitableness for guniting, pumpability and lastingness. The simple ground for its extended usage in the building of about all civil technology plants is that the belongingss can be controlled within a broad scope by utilizing appropriate ingredients and by particular mechanical, physical and chemical processing techniques Buildingsaa‚Â ¬ from individual floor to multistorey, Bridgess, wharfs, dikes, weirs, retaining walls, liquid retaining constructions, reservoirs chimneys, bins, silos, tracks, pavings, shells, arches, railroad slumberers are but a few illustrations of cement concrete applications. Concept of high strength concrete: Concrete due to its versatile belongingss is used for many heavy and medium or low cost buildings. So the concrete used in these plants is non wholly same. Thus for more of import and demanding works a concrete with higher strength is needed. This concrete can be given excess strength by assorted methods. Normally any concrete which falls in a class over M65 is considered or called high strength concrete. This M65 signifies a compressive strength of 65N/mm2 after 28 yearss. This strength apart from other methods can be reached by Reinforcing the concrete with other stuffs of higher strength. Reinforcing means the blending the concrete mix with other stuffs. The stuffs most normally used are steel, bamboo, wire mesh, sticks etc. These stuffs provide those belongingss to the concrete that the concrete itself lacks. The concrete so strengthened becomes so strong that no other stuff can be compared to it. Besides the strength to be ratio of this is really less as compared to any other stuff available in the market. RCC and concrete: RCC and concrete are the same thing but for the fact that RCC has some support provided to the mix and the field concrete is merely a mix of cement sand and H2O along with sums. The support is placed where the construction has to be built and concrete is subsequently put on it and both of these bond together to organize a high strength concrete. The most common reenforcing stuff used is steel in the signifier of steel bars and wire mesh. So the wire mesh or the steel bars are easy to topographic point and the chief work so lies in decently fixing the concrete mix. So we shall now analyze the readying of the concrete mix. Preparation of concrete: The concrete is reasonably easy to fabricate. The readying of concrete is a stepwise procedure. Its readying involves storage of stuffs viz. sand sum, cement, H2O. After that follows batching of stuffs which is a procedure of measuring of stuffs by different, convenient methods. Then falls the procedure of blending which is a critical procedure ; the most of belongingss depend on the commixture conditions and the type of blending done. Mixing is the procedure of blending the stuffs, batched before and fixing the concluding concrete mix or paste. The concrete so prepared is now needs to be transported to the site of usage. This is done by utilizing pans, wheel saloon rows, theodolite sociables, chutes, bell conveyors, pumps, tower Crane and hoists etc. Now that the concrete has been brought to the site it needs to be placed such that it additions maximal strength every bit easy as possible. So the placing is besides a really critical procedure of the concreti ng operation. Now that the concrete has been placed we now have to do certain that no nothingnesss are left in the located mix. Compacting the concrete mix makes certain that the concrete additions fullest of its strength. Then remains coating of the concrete work done to do certain that it looks good aesthetically. Then the concrete needs to be cured to look into the development of clefts and command the heat of hydration. Lifetime Goals and Achievements EssayClasss lower than M30 should non be used in station tensioned prestressed concrete. Classs lower than M40 should non be used in pre tensioned prestressed concrete. There are two types of concretes based on the method of proportioning: Ordinary concrete ( normal mix concrete ) Controlled concrete ( design mix concrete ) Ordinary concrete ( normal mix concrete ) : The concrete in which the proportions of cement, sums and H2O are determined by following nominal concrete mixes and no preliminary trials are performed is called ordinary concrete. It is merely used when it is non possible to utilize controlled concrete. It may be used for classs M20 or lower if designed mix concrete can non be used for some grounds. The proportions of the ingredients are specified by the applied scientist normally without proving the stuffs. There is no warrant that a M20 nominal mix with adopted proportions ( say 1:4:8 ) will hold a 28 yearss cube strength of 20N/mm2. IS 456:2000 suggests the proportions of stuffs required for nominal mix concrete as shown in the tabular array below: Class of concrete Entire measure of dry sum per 50 kilogram of cement ( kilogram ) Proportions of all right sum to coarse sum by wt. Maximum measure of H2O per 50kg of cement ( litres ) M10 480 By and large 1:2 but upper 34 M15 330 Limit is 1:1.5 and lower 32 M20 250 Limit is 1:1.25 30 Controlled concrete ( design mix concrete ) : The concrete in which the proportions of cement, sum and H2O are determined by carry oning preliminary trials for the design of mix is called controlled concrete. A design mix concrete is preferred over a nominal mix concrete for lastingness, strength and economic system. Reinforced cement concrete: RCC or reinforced concrete cement is yet another type of high strength concrete. As explained when reenforcing stuffs of higher strength are added to the concrete it becomes strengthened cement concrete. The chief characteristic of adding this support is that it makes the concrete really strong even in tenseness ; otherwise in which concrete is really weak. This happens due to the bonding between reenforcing stuffs and the concrete mix. The concrete so prepared is used for many intents such as wharfs, Bridgess, overpasss, dikes, slabs, arches etc. The strength of same proportions of stuffs of concrete when reinforced outputs more than twice the strength as it would otherwise. IS codifications help us design constructions of RCC by sing assorted norms and bounds of safety and other factors. These tell us what excess commissariats are needed to be made in certain conditions. The usually used supports are steel bars which are explained in item as under: Steel bars are available in the market in assorted sizes which are the step of the diameter of the saloon. These sizes range from 6 millimeters to 24 millimeter for general intent. Other larger and specialized sizes are besides available for particular buildings. These bars are cast of steel formed by add-on of approximately 1 % of C content to press while itaa‚Â ¬a„?s fabrication. This steel is really difficult and is really malleable. Traces of other stuffs are besides added to this steel to modify suited belongingss. These bars are of two types based on the procedure of fabrication or concluding belongingss: TMT- thermo automatically treated bars Sal- ordinary ribbed bars. TMT: this is a merchandise of the new age and has evolved as a consequence of scientific research over the old ages in the Fieldss of metallurgy and other related field such as metallurgy and the belongingss of metals. These bars as the name suggests are automatically treated to do stronger. These are foremost heated to a temp of 1400C ( ruddy hot ) and so cooled all of a sudden which makes it stronger. Then these bars are besides ribbed which makes them stronger at bonding. These bars are available in the market and are preferred over the other field or ribbed or SAL bars. SAL: these are the traditional bars which were foremost tested by organizing corrugations or ribs. The ribs on these are coiling in form. These are less strong than the other types of bars ( TMT ) . These bars are manufactured from steel with 0.8-1.2 % of C content in Fe. These bars are brickle and less malleable. So these are presents traveling out of market. These are non used in any of the technology plant. The cost of these is non well less than the TMT bars. These bars are available in sizes runing from 8mm to 26mm. these bars make a weaker bond than TMT and should non be used for any of import plants. Design of RCC: RCC constructions need rather a batch of mathematical analysis to be done before the values of concluding building are received. The maximal sum of steel that can be added to the constructions is 4 % of the cross sectional country. The slabs and beams designed of RCC are categorized into two parts- singly strengthened constructions and double reinforced constructions. Singly reinforced constructions are those in which the steel support is added to the lower side of the beam or the slab that bears tenseness. Doubly reinforced constructions are those in which the steel support is added to both- upper and lower side of the construction for instances of variable tenseness and compaction values ; or excess strength is required for higher burden values or when the dimensions of the member to be cast are limited due to some ground or other. These sorts of things make the RCC structures anchor of the building industry. These RCC constructions with steel are besides really safe for shear and torsional forces excessively. Changes of belongingss of concrete ( Admixtures ) : The concrete has its certain belongingss that sometimes are needed to be changed, for this grounds other stuffs other than the basic ingredients are added to the concrete while blending. These stuffs are called alloies. These are categorized into several divisions: Accelerators Retarders Water-reducing alloies Air-entraining alloies Plasticizers Some common illustrations of alloies are fly ashes, silicon oxide smoke, rice chaff ash, metakaolin. Now inside informations of these types of alloies Accelerators: Accelerators are the chemicals used to speed up the scene and hardening of concrete. Accelerators are added to concrete to: Increase the rate of hydration and hence to increase the rate of strength development. Reduce the scene clip. E.g. of accelerators- Ca chloride, triethenolamine etc. Retarding alloies ( Retarders ) : Retarders are the chemicals used to detain the scene and hardening of concrete. Retarders slow down the chemical procedure of hydration so that concrete remains fictile and feasible for a longer clip than a concrete without retarder. E.g. of retarders are sugar, calcium sulfate, skimmed milk, ammonium chloride, Ca borate, Ca tartarate, mucic acid etc. Water cut downing alloies: These are used to: Increase the workability of freshly assorted concrete without increasing H2O cement ratio. Maintain workability with decreased H2O cement ratio. Sugar in add-on to moving as a retarder, improves the workability of concrete besides. Carbohydrates and organic acids are other illustrations of H2O cut downing alloies. Air entraining agents: Air-entraining alloies are used to entrain air in signifier of really little disconnected air bubbles in concrete. The air bubbles ( about.01 to.25mm Defense Intelligence Agency ) act as flexible ball bearings and modify the belongingss of fictile concrete. It besides modifies the belongingss of hard-boiled concrete. Plasticizers: Plasticizing alloy is a substance which imparts really high workability with a big lessening in H2O content ( at least 20 % ) for a given workability. It besides permits the usage of lower H2O cement ratio for the same workability. Materials used as plasticisers: Anionic substances such as lignosulphonates. Nonionized wetting agents such as hydroxylated carboxylic acid. Other merchandises such as saccharides. Calcium, Na, and ammonium lignosulphonates are largely used as plasticisers. Plasticizers are used in the sum of 0.1 to 4 % by weight of cement. A 0.5 % concentration of plasticiser by weight of cement can: Increase the 28 yearss compressive strength by 30 % with 20 % decrease in H2O cement ratio. Increase slack from 25 to 100mm. Necessitate 15 % less cement. Uses: these can be used where a high grade of workability is required in state of affairss like: Deep beams. Column and beam junctions. Tremie concrete. Pumping of concrete. Thin walls of H2O retaining constructions with high per centum of steel support. This was it about the instance survey of high strength concrete. I have tried my best to give the best attack possible to every facet of any construct. Still worlds will maintain devising errors so that they can larn from them. Thankss.

Quality Management for Organizational Excellence

Question: Discuss about the Quality Management for Organizational Excellence. Answer: Introduction: For the purpose of the study, the company chosen is General Motors. It is headquartered in Michigan, Detroit, United States. It was founded in September 6, 1908, The company operates in the global market and has a number of subsidiaries in the global market. General Motors has a distinct management team that look after its various business units. In this regard, it can be stated that, authority as well as responsibility of the team is de-regulated into the various business units that is working in many countries. The company mainly deals in the development of automobile cars. According to Drury (2013), the brand designs, manufactures as well as distributes vehicles as well as vehicle parts in the international market. The General Motors Company operates in around 37 countries and produces 12 brands (Goetsch and Davis 2014). The companys vision and missions is to retaining the existing market share in the global market and achieve distinct brand reputation. In addition, the business entity shall seek to retain the existing customer loyalty in the international market. Besides this, innovation has been the necessary criteria for the brand in the developing a positive consumer perception among the brand. General Motors has been consistently executing consistent business performances over a period of time. Therefore, the business enterprise has been the primary innovator in developing effective business designs for a period. According to Kaplan and Atkinson (2015), the vision as well as the mission of the company shall have to clearly stated which has assisted the business entity to execute the business functionalities as per the organization ethics as well as the long term goals and the objectives of the entity. Therefore, the organization has achieved considerable brand reputation in the national and the international market. Deegan (2013) mentioned that General Motors encompasses a wide range of production, operational and manufacturing policies. As such, the brand has a distinctive line as well as staff function. In this regard, it can be stated that the workforce engaged in General Motors perform a wide range of activities . According to Hiromoto, and Hiki (2015), the line function in the business organization shall relate to each step in the production process. This relates to the assembling of materials as well as executing the business functionalities in a particular place. Therefore, the management of a business entity has to take appropriate strategies in making the production process faster and cost effective. Being a manufacturing concern, the business entity has to develop appropriate business strategies in constantly monitoring the market changes. As such, the staff has been trained and is capable enough to develop innovative products for the buyers. Evaluating value chain of the company An innovative value chain has been used by General Motors to develop the operational policies of the business enterprise. These Include Enabling Vehicle Assembly and the Stamping operations in the business enterprise shall ensure the gathering of proper storage and materials for the business entity. As such, the other business functions are building corporate schedules as well as supplying materials in crisis situations. In the context of the value chain management other business functions are supplier capacity as well as crisis management and future business planning and support. The supply chain management shall also consist of logistics as well as cost estimates for newer product launches. Schalteggec and Zvezdo (2015) mentioned that the distribution policies for has been an essential part of the supply chain operations for the business entity. In this regard, it can be stated that the value chain operations in the context of the company has been developed because of intensive res earch and development activities. The brand has been manufacturing a range of vehicles for the business entity. Therefore, it is extremely necessary that the business entity has been able to adjust to the market requirements regarding the development of the market. According to Christensen et al.2014 the value chain system in the business organization has been effective in determining the marketing and the operational policies in the business organization. Planning A low cost business strategy is adopted for the development of the organizational policies of the business strategy. In this context, Babington et al. (2014) stated that the low -cost business strategy is adopted for the business entity in the development of the organization goals and objectives of the business entity. The business strategy that has been implemented in the business entity and have an impact on the operational strategy of the business entity. Kamala et al (2015) stated that the business entity has been successful in achieving business sustainability in the International market. It has e been able to maintain constant contact with the customers of the organization. e Besides this , the brand has been acquiring constant feedback from the management of the business organization . Therefore, it has been able to gather appropriate consumer feedback for the development of the organizational policies (Deegan 2013). The brand has been offering value for money for the customers and has been offering a wide range of products to the customers. For determining the manufacturing and the selling overhead, the total financial condition of the business entity has to be assessed. As such, it can be stated that General Motors has been able to develop the total budget of the organizations, which consists of the total expenditure that would be required in executing the business functionalities of the entity. Schmidt and Nakajima (2013) stated that the variable expenses of the organization shall also have to be re-innovated to develop the manufacturing and the selling strategies of the business entity. General Motors has been developing high - manufacturing operations. Therefore, the cost of goods sold in the existing market condition as well as the market changes and consumer preferences shall have to be considered as significant information in framing the market policies for the business entity. Controlling Process at General Motors: Role of process of controlling in monitoring the manufacturing plans: The primary role of controlling in the manufacturing processes is contributing towards increasing the levels of profit margin of the organization. Goetsch and Davis (2014) states that the controlling mechanism varies depending upon the scale of manufacturing activities. The manufacturing process undertaken at General Motors comprises of scaling processes, manufacturing and assemblage functions. Controlling process assists GM towards establishing tangible benchmarks in terms of level of production, the amount of wastage, the quantum of idle labour hours on the factory premises. Further, controlling functions aggravates the level of quality control in GM products through identifying and resolving issues pertaining to deviation of actual product with that of the planned products. Moreover, in terms of limiting the degree of manufacturing cost overruns the controlling function plays a pivotal role through standardizing the limits of overruns beyond which management action is sought. Implementation of balanced scorecard in the performance management of General Motors: Financial: The data driven processes in General Motors is required to be streamlined in order to mitigate the amount of financial misrepresentation. Moreover, dependence of managerial decision-making onto costing and internal managements in turn requires calibrating of finance decisions (Zhu, Sarkis and Lai, 2013). The company requires focusing upon gaining back its market shares from Toyota and Ford through introduction of newer sets of product line. Moreover, through diversification of its revenues from the manufacturing activities onto its financial services business the company will be able to capitalize upon its widespread presence in both developed and emerging markets around the globe. Customer: The numerous forms of products and services offered by General Motors propel them towards catering to large segments of consumers (Gm.com. 2016). However, the company has to improvise upon streamlining the operational efficiency to provide products as per the consumers preferences. Moreover, the company also requires focusing upon the improving the customer feedback policies in order to alleviate consumer grievances. Further, General Motors should increase its levels of after sales services. Process: Manufacturing processes of the company entails large number of complex engineering works. Moreover, the complexities aggravate the probability of bottlenecks in the production mechanism. In terms its financial services, the company requires to take into consideration the exchange rate fluctuations and safeguards its corporate interests overseas. Moreover, the company requires coming up with consumer driven strategies that tends to decrease the degree of non-alignment. Learning and Growth: The adverse financial repercussions of the mortgage crisis upon both the automobile and financial services of General Motors have highlighted the necessity for better degree of market awareness. The incorporation of mentoring programs for its management trainees can help mitigate the prospective market risks that the company will be facing in the near future. Hoque (2014) rightly remarked that the growth processes pertaining to an organization remains highly contingent upon the adaptability and improvised learning procedures inculcated by the organization. Decision making The following two situations can be evaluated in the context of decision-making. Business segment General Motors has diverse business segments. Therefore, it is necessary for the business entity to monitor each business segment in terms of sales revenue, profitability and future prospects. Therefore, the decision to continue or drop a business segment shall depend on the financial prospects of that business segment in the coming years. As such, Smith and Smith (2014) stated that this could be achieved through evaluating the existing sales revenue of the entity and the response of the consumers towards the brand. Retaining or dropping a business segment shall also depend upon several other factors. These include the external market condition and the nature of the market competition. In the context of General motors,, A it is necessary for the business entity to determine the external market condition where the organization operates as well as the nature of the competition in the market . Domestic and Global Operations - In the case of a manufacturing organization, the business entity would have tp make pertinent decisions regarding its scale of operations Therefore Christensen et al.(2014) noted that the business organization should have to consolidate on its domestic operations before operating on a global scale. General Motors ranks among the leading automobile manufacturers in the US Market. As such, the business entity posses extensive market share in the country. Thus, the brand can consider implementing global manufacturing and distribution strategies. Webster (2016) noted that the business enterprise has relevant global operations that cater to consumers coming from different backgrounds and nationalities. Findings and recommendations It can be said that the business entity has been able to develop pertinent marketing and operating strategies in the global market. General Motors has developed extensive operational policies in the global scale and would have an influence on the business performance as well as the sales revenue of the entity. Therefore, the brand has a number of business segments. Therefore, it is necessary for the business enterprise to identify the least profitable business segments to make the necessary alterations in the business operating policies of the entity. However, a low cost business strategy is adopted so that consumers do not have to spend substantially. Therefore, reasonable price of the goods has been one of the important part of the operational strategies of the business enterprise that has developed a positive perception on the consumers. In addition, continuous innovation as well as the quality of customer services has been essential in executing consistent business performances o ver a period of time. The business entity has been concentrating only on manufacturing of automobiles. As such, it would be better if General Motors has been widening its range of products for the business entity. Besides this, the business enterprise would have to intensely study the in-depth details of the marketing condition in reacting in an appropriate manner. The General Motors company has implemented rigid monitoring system to ensure smoother business functionalities without any wastage of resources for the business. In addition, General Motors has been instrumental in making key business decision. These include retaining an existing business segment and executing the global business operations after the consolidation of the domestic market. References Bebbington, J., Unerman, J. and O'Dwyer, B., 2014.Sustainability accounting and accountability. Routledge. Christensen, T.E., Baker, R.E. and Cottrell, D.M., 2014.Advanced Financial Accounting. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Deegan, C., 2013.Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. DRURY, C.M., 2013.Management and cost accounting. Springer. Gm.com. (2016). General Motors | Official Global Site | GM.com. [online] Available at: https://www.gm.com/index.html [Accessed 11 Sep. 2016]. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Hiromoto, T. and Hiki, F., 2015. Cost Accounting.Theory and Practice 3th Edition, Chuokeizai-Sha Holdings. Hoque, Z., 2014. 20 years of studies on the balanced scorecard: Trends, accomplishments, gaps and opportunities for future research. The British accounting review, 46(1), pp.33-59. Horngren, C.T., Sundem, G.L., Schatzberg, J.O. and Burgstahler, D., 2013.Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Kamala, P., Struwig, J., Bornman, M., Boersman, R., Vermaak, M., McGill, M., Jordaan-Marais, J., Matthew, J., Hurter, C. and Taylor, P., 2015.Principles of Cost Accounting. Oxford University Press. Kaplan, R.S. and Atkinson, A.A., 2015.Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Schaltegger, S. and Zvezdov, D., 2015. Expanding material flow cost accounting. Framework, review and potentials.Journal of Cleaner Production,108, pp.1333-1341. Schmidt, M. and Nakajima, M., 2013. Material flow cost accounting as an approach to improve resource efficiency in manufacturing companies.Resources,2(3), pp.358-369. Smith, S.R. and Smith, K.R., 2014. The journey from historical cost accounting to fair value accounting: The case of acquisition costs.Journal of Business and Accounting,7(1), p.3. Webster, W.H., 2016. Accounting for managers. Zhu, Q., Sarkis, J. and Lai, K.H., 2013. Institutional-based antecedents and performance outcomes of internal and external green supply chain management practices. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,19(2), pp.106-117.